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Colonizing Mars.
Organizations who've mentioned colonizing Mars; with planned date of colonization.
Organizations who've mentioned developing technologies for Mars colonization.
Organizations who've mentioned visiting or exploring Mars.
Note: only optimal transfer times shown. Actual times could be a month different if suboptimal. Delta-V values between 2010 and 2040 use a more accurate calculator that assumes a LEO. Also see this offsite table.
| Launch | Arrival | Δv | Launches | Dust Storms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 Oct | - | 1M No.1, 1M No.2 | None | |
| 1962 Oct | 2MV-4 No.1, Mars 1, 2MV-3 No.1 | None | ||
| 1964 Nov | Mariner 3, Mariner 4, Zond 2 | None | ||
| 1967 Jan | - | None | ||
| 1969 Mar | Mariner 6, 2M No.521, Mariner 7, 2M No.522 | Regional | ||
| 1971 May | Mariner 8, Kosmos 419, Mars 2, Mars 3, Prop-M Rover rover, Mariner 9 | Global | ||
| 1973 Jul | Mars 4, Mars 5, Mars 6, Mars 7 | Regional | ||
| 1975 Aug | Viking 1, Viking 2 | Encircling | ||
| 1977 Oct | - | Encircling | ||
| 1979 Dec | - | None | ||
| 1982 Feb | - | Regional | ||
| 1984 Apr | - | None | ||
| 1986 Jun | - | Local | ||
| 1988 Jul | Phobos 1, Phobos 2 | Regional | ||
| 1990 Aug | - | None | ||
| 1992 Sep | Mars Observer | Regional | ||
| 1994 Oct | - | None | ||
| 1996 Nov | Mars Global Surveyor, Mars 96, Mars Pathfinder, Sojourner | None | ||
| 1998 Dec | Nozomi, Mars Climate Orbiter, Mars Polar Lander, Deep Space 2 | None | ||
| 2001 Apr | Mars Odyssey | Global | ||
| 2003 Jun | Mars Express, Beagle 2, Spirit, Opportunity | Local | ||
| 2005 Aug | Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter | Local | ||
| 2007 Sep | Phoenix | Encircling | ||
| 2009 Oct | - | None | ||
| 2011 Nov 15 | 2012 Jun 26 | 3.70 km/s | Fobos-Grunt, Yinghuo-1, Curiosity | None |
| 2013 Dec 22 | 2014 Jul 18 | 3.60 km/s | Mangalyaan, Maven | None |
| 2016 Feb 14 | 2016 Aug 8 | 3.60 km/s | ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, Schiaparelli EDM lander | None |
| 2018 May 10 | 2018 Sep 15 | 3.75 km/s | InSight, MarCO | Global |
| 2020 Jul 18 | 2020 Dec 9 | 3.96 km/s | Emirates Mars Mission, Perseverance, Tianwen-1 | Encircling |
| 2022 Aug 25 | 2022 Jul 11 | 3.98 km/s | - | Regional |
| 2024 Oct 1 | 2025 Aug 1 | 3.80 km/s | - | |
| 2026 Oct 23 | 2027 Jul 22 | 3.69 km/s | ESCAPADE, Icebreaker Life?, IR Lander, Mangalyaan 2, Martian Moons Exploration, Next Mars Orbiter?, SpaceX Cargo Mission 1?, TEREX? | |
| 2028 Nov 29 | 2029 Sep 29 | 3.59 km/s | ERO?, Rosalind Franklin, Tianwen-3, SpaceX Cargo Mission 2? | |
| 2031 Jan 22 | 2031 Aug 2 | 3.60 km/s | DePhine?, Mangalyaan 3?, Mars Exploration Ice Mapper?, Phobos-Grunt 2?, SpaceX Crewed Mission? | |
| 2033 Apr 17 | 2033 Oct 10 | 3.60 km/s | Mars-Grunt?, NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return? | |
| 2035 Jun 26 | 2036 Jan 4 | 3.64 km/s | - | |
| 2037 Aug 18 | 2038 Aug 5 | 3.91 km/s | Chinese Mars Base? | |
| 2039 Sep 9 | 2040 Jul 9 | 3.95 km/s | - | |
| 2041 Oct | - | - | ||
| 2043 Dec | - | |||
| 2046 Feb | "Self-sustaining Mars Colony" | |||
In-universe date in parens.
